Cele mai bune Harley Morenstein podcast-uri (2024)

1
#109 The Science Behind Getting Fat While Working Out 57:10

2d ago57:10

57:10

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch are back to go deep on the science of being fat while exercising, how to manage zoomers, hamburger signals, and many more of the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion drop every Monday! HAPPY HOLIDAYS!! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or busi…

1
#108 Pocket Watching the PKA Podcast with WoodysGamertag 1:34:06

9d ago1:34:06

1:34:06

This week, Harley and Big Lynch are joined by Woody from the PKA podcast to discuss a wide range of topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! L…

1
#107 Tipping Investigation Reveals Shocking Truth, Sushi Parasites, and the McDonald's Grinch Meal Review 1:17:51

17d ago1:17:51

1:17:51

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch are back to dive into tipping on couch deliveries, dumb phones, Pizza Hut's new look, Dairy Queen Blizzard flips and many more of the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion drop every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmea…

1
#106 Potato Cartel Price-Fixing Allegations and What Makes a Burger a Snack w/Chef Atari 1:30:42

24d ago1:30:42

1:30:42

This week, Harley and Big Lynch are joined by the chef of Epic Meal Time, Prince Atari. The boys reunite to discuss only the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and fol…

1
#105 Shake Shack on a Plane, Playstation Pizza Warmer, and RFK Eats McDonald's Under Duress 1:05:38

1M ago1:05:38

1:05:38

This week, Harley and Big Lynch are back to discuss only the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more about you…

1
#104 Million Dollar Whoppers with Kyle 1:50:22

1M ago1:50:22

1:50:22

This week, Harley and Big Lynch are joined by Kyle, aka FPSRussia, to discuss only the most important food topics and more. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes…

1
#103 Pizza Hut Tackles the Job Crisis, Major Updates to American Diets, and Ghost Inspections 1:10:10

1M ago1:10:10

1:10:10

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch are back to discuss only the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more …

1
#102 Judge Saves the McFlurry, a $400,000 Cheddar Cheese Heist, and Pantry Thoughts with Cooking w/Q 1:16:10

2M ago1:16:10

1:16:10

This week, Harley and Big Lynch are back to discuss only the most important food topics.They’re then joined by special guest and food scientist, Quinn Fucile. Checkout what Quinn is working on: https://www.youtube.com/@CookingwithQ https://www.instagram.com/qdragon1337/ http://gelatoobsession.com https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/cooking-issues…

1
#101 McDonald's Week from Hell, Out-of-Control Food Waste, and Losing a Kidney Overseas 1:11:29

2M ago1:11:29

1:11:29

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch are back to discuss only the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more …

1
#100 Starbucks CEO’s Shocking Move, Pizza Hut Gets Personal, and a Million-Dollar Chip Idea 1:07:16

2M ago1:07:16

1:07:16

This week, Harley and Big Lynch are back to discuss only the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more about you…

1
#99.9 McDonald’s Beef Collusion Lawsuit, Auntie Anne’s Pretzel Innovations, and the Return of Mountain Dew! 1:05:38

2M ago1:05:38

1:05:38

This week, Harley and Big Lynch are back to discuss only the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more about you…

1
#99.5 DoorDash Driver Caught, Coca-Cola Oreo Fail, and The Big Arch Delivers 1:03:01

3M ago1:03:01

1:03:01

This week Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch are back to discuss only the most important food topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more a…

1
#99 MOST CONTROVERSIAL FAST FOOD ITEMS 54:12

3M ago54:12

54:12

We get a one man episode with the Sauce Boss, fully unchained. This is not an episode to miss! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices…

1
#98 Carbonara in a Can, 7UP Cupcakes, and a Robot Snack Dipper for Gamers 1:08:15

4M ago1:08:15

1:08:15

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch dig deep into the new Carbonara in a can, aimed at Gen Z. The boys discuss the Heinz robot dipping machine, Doritos' silent chip, eating food under the influence, Mountain Dew moving you to mountain time, the Chestnut vs. Kobayashi Netflix special, and so much more. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion a…

1
#97 Taco Bell’s Nostalgia Menu, Chick-fil-A's Streaming Service, and Pizza Hut Corners the Moving Day Market 1:10:00

4M ago1:10:00

1:10:00

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch cover the most important SUPREME food news. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more about your ad…

1
#96 Lunch Lady Steals $1.5 Million in Chicken Wings, Canadian Butter Heist, and Snack Prices Soar 40% 1:08:00

4M ago1:08:00

1:08:00

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch dive into Mars purchasing Kellogg's snack division and how it may impact snack prices. The guys discuss why your favorite snack prices are up 40%, the butter heist in Canada, a $1.5 million chicken wing theft, DQ charging big prices for a small Blizzard, the Chipotle”'look” guy becoming Starbucks' new CEO, a…

1
#95 WHAT THE COPS FOUND IN MY BASEMENT 1:07:05

4M ago1:07:05

1:07:05

Donny in person and the Sauce Boss go off the rails as Big Lynch disappears off the face of the earth. Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices…

1
#94 HOW I LOST EVERYTHING and WHY I AM STILL HERE! feat. McDonald's LOSING to Taco Bell 1:03:06

4M ago1:03:06

1:03:06

This episode is absolute buffoonery as the Sauce Boss shares the new and exciting stuff going on in the world ALL ON HIS OWN IN HIS FLOODED BASEMENT! That's right, Sauce Boss' basement flooded and he still got the pod up! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com Make sure to subscribe and foll…

1
#93 McDonald's New Value Strategy – BIG Burgers, Chipotle's Supersized Portions, and Festival Food Reviews 1:07:35

5M ago1:07:35

1:07:35

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch get into the new Big Arch burger and McDonald's global sales decline. The guys discuss Chipotle's admission of and efforts to fix portion size issues. Lastly, Harley returns from Shambhala with stories and food reviews. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you thi…

1
#92: Costco’s “Apocalypse” Food Bucket, Zoom Cashiers, and Honest Lasagnas 1:08:22

5M ago1:08:22

1:08:22

This week, Harley and Big Lynch link up in person for the podcast. The boys cover a wide range of food news topics. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion are available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on Twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com. Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every M…

1
#91 McDonald's Throwback Sauces, Hooters Sends a Message with Their $9.99 Lunch, and Deleting Food in the Car 1:05:05

5M ago1:05:05

1:05:05

This week, Harley and Big Lynch drop Donnie for a very special episode of the Double Dusted Podcast: Candor and Gumption. The guys discuss the high-concept McDonald's throwback sauces created for the 80s, 90s, and 00s, why two burgers are healthier than adding fries, Hooters' new $9.99 lunch value meal, competition in food news, Fritos Twisters, an…

1
#90 Burger King bodied Ronald in the Burger Wars of the 80s 55:47

5M ago55:47

55:47

This episode is absolute buffoonery as Donny and the Sauce Boss share a moment in food history while constantly going off the rails. Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime, @EpicMealTime on twitter, or business@epicmealtime.com Make sure to subscribe and follow the podcast. New episodes every Monday! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcas…

1
#89 Sonic Enters the Value Menu War, Taco Bell’s $7 Luxe Box, and Chipotle's Serving Size Problem 1:09:59

6M ago1:09:59

1:09:59

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch talk about Sonic sending a message to all other fast food establishments with its new permanent value menu offering. The boys discuss Taco Bell’s new value offering, the Chipotle CEO vs. Arizona Iced Tea CEO, Heinz's Every Sauce, Flavor Flav saving Red Lobster with his new signature meal, Donnie’s bad trip a…

1
#88 Pizza Hut Buffet is Back, McDonald’s Reveals Its $5 Value Meal, and Trudeau’s $220,000 Catering Bill 1:03:11

6M ago1:03:11

1:03:11

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch are back to discuss the Canadian government's catering bills. The boys get into the cost of fast food, the comeback of the Pizza Hut buffet, popsicle addiction, a deadly cup of noodles, spicy food showoffs, the Cheez-Its Ranch collaboration, and so much more. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion availabl…

1
#87 Patriotic Mountain Dew, Joey Chestnut vs. Kobayashi Showdown, and the Slurpee x Drumstick Collaboration 52:43

6M ago52:43

52:43

This week, Donnie and Big Lynch discuss the top 10 sodas in America. The boys dive into the history of competitive eating, Joey Chestnut's removal from Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest, binge eating, Slurpees, Arby’s golf driver, and much more. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion available every Monday! Tell us what you think at r/EpicMealTime,…

1
#86 Dr. Pepper Beats Pepsi, Wendy's Drops Saucy Nuggs, and Exposing Lil Wayne's Fast Food Lies 1:07:40

7M ago1:07:40

1:07:40

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch discuss how Dr. Pepper snatched Pepsi’s number two spot as the most popular soda in America. The boys get into some Crumbl cookies and debate cookie rankings, Lil Wayne’s conflicting messages about fast food, Wendy’s new saucy nuggs, ranking the best sauces, and so much more. Tell us what you think at r/Epic…

1
#85 Taco Bell x Cheez-It Crunchwrap Collab, Burger King Challenges McDonald's, and Wendy's Sells Burgers for a Penny 1:05:54

7M ago1:05:54

1:05:54

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch discuss the new McDonald's McShaker Fries. The boys talk about Burger King entering the value menu war with the Your Way meal, playing ping pong in VR, hanging out in back alleys behind the gas station, Milf Manor 2, Perfect Glops, Wendy’s burger for a penny, CosMc’s speaker quality, and so much more. Tell u…

1
#84 Wendy's $3 Breakfast, Grimace Shake Canceled, and Cheez-Its Launches a Restaurant 1:07:06

7M ago1:07:06

1:07:06

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch discuss Wendy’s coming for McDonald's neck with a value offering for breakfast. The boys get into salads at McDonald's, Harvey's breakfast, why the Grimace shake was removed from the menu in Canada, Wegovy vs. Ozempic, the new Cheez-It restaurant, racking Oreos, dipping sauce at Olive Garden, the new Snapple…

1
#83 McDonald’s Value Menu Comeback, Pizza Hut's Burger Release, and Trenbaloney Sandwiches 1:06:26

7M ago1:06:26

1:06:26

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch discuss the new $5 value offering from McDonald's. The boys dig deep into the new Pizza Hut burger, plastic bag bans, why Coca-Cola tastes best at McDonald's, stroopwafel ice cream sandwiches, Oprah’s weight loss monetization, losing bone density, whether we rate Pringles, the science behind double dusted ch…

1
#82 Hot Dog Talk, King Kong's Banana Budget, and Cherry Pepsi Chips 1:07:48

8M ago1:07:48

1:07:48

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch dig deep into the Queen of Wien and the National Hot Dog Council’s hot dog propaganda. The boys discuss hot dog facts, King Kong eating up tax dollars, McCain Deep 'n' Delicious cake inflation, the new Froot Loop Icees, Krispy Kreme's stranglehold on Canada, Jake Paul vs. Mike Tyson, and so much more. New ep…

1
#81 Buying Meat on Facebook, Reviewing Sour Patch Kids Oreos, and Living in a Skittles Apartment 1:07:10

8M ago1:07:10

1:07:10

This week Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch discuss selling meat on Facebook Marketplace. The boys also dive into JIF’s new flavor launch, natural peanut butter vs. Kraft vs. JIF, going to the ice cream shop, advocating for bald men, the little Skittles apartment, Sour Patch Kids Oreo’s and so much more. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion availab…

1
#80 Fast Food Tunnels, Free McDonald's Coffee is Cancelled, and a Food Bank Scammer Caught 1:07:44

8M ago1:07:44

1:07:44

This week, Harley and Analog Lynch discuss the future of fast food...tunnels. The guys talk about the best generations, a Canadian food bank controversy, celebrity kitchens that are trying to be relatable, the worst kitchen appliances, going analog, AI taking over the kitchen, free coffee at McDonald's, taste-testing Swedish cakes, and so much more…

1
#79 Banning Lunchables, All-You-Can-Eat Shrimp Bankruptcy, and Cake Sandwiches 1:08:42

8M ago1:08:42

1:08:42

This week, Harley and Big Lynch discuss the discovery of lead in Lunchables. The guys talk about a water bottle carry-all, chemicals in food, living in VR, surviving all-you-can-eat shrimp bankruptcy, weird encounters at the cookie store, Tim Hortons' lunch takeover, and so much more. Shoutout to Boban! New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion avai…

1
#78 McDonald's Remix Menu Review, Beer vs. Coffee, and How Pigs Are Saving Lives 1:06:54

8M ago1:06:54

1:06:54

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch try the new McDonald's Remix menu, including the surf and turf burger. The boys discuss the new Fallout show, the Costco food court crackdown, coffee vs. beer, food addiction, Pop Tart Crunchy Poppers, Pepsi maple syrup, and so much more. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion available every Monday! Tell …

1
#77 Buying a Million-Dollar Cow, Banana Loyalty, and Reviewing Mr. Beast's Discounted Chocolate Bars 1:04:50

9M ago1:04:50

1:04:50

Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch get into why a singular cow recently sold for $4.8 million. The boys discuss the disappointing evolution of Snapple, the practicality of tear-away pants, banana brand loyalty, and break down a viral video of a boyfriend thanking his girlfriend for dinner under duress. They also explore the concept of Velveeta hair dye,…

1
#76 Sparkling Hot Dog Water, Snapple Pickup Lines, and Ozempic Destroys Snack Profits 1:07:46

9M ago1:07:46

1:07:46

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Big Lynch debate the new 7-Eleven Sparkling Big Bite Hot Dog Water. The boys discuss what happened to Snapple, how to pick up women, the “Where Are My Friends” era, Ozempic taking down “Big Snack”, the McDonald's Krispy Kreme collaboration, Sun Chips Solar Eclipse special edition chips and so much more. New episodes o…

1
#75 FryGate, Coffee for Short Kings, and the Fast Food Breakfast Wars 1:21:19

9M ago1:21:19

1:21:19

This week, Harley and Big Lynch cover the viral french fry serving at an NHL hockey game. The boys discuss Dunkin's new marketing strategy for "short kings", fast-food restaurants' battle for breakfast customers, Subway's new sauce launch, woke vs. based, and self-checkout etiquette. New episodes of Double Dusted Discussion available every Monday! …

1
#74 WOKE McDonald's Uniforms, Reese’s Half-Pound Cup, and How the Movie “Armageddon” Can Save Your Marriage 1:13:10

9M ago1:13:10

1:13:10

This week, Harley and Big Lynch review the new “woke” McDonald's uniforms. The boys dig into the Royal Family photoshop fail, as well as the Boeing whistleblower conspiracy, why double-dusted chips might not work, and how the movie 'Armageddon' can save your marriage. At the end, Donnie checks in while Harley eats a half-pound Reese's Peanut Butter…

1
#73 Exposing Subways Footlong Cookie, Restaurant Reservation Drama, and Ranking Snacks by State 1:07:01

10M ago1:07:01

1:07:01

This week, Harley and Big Lynch review and measure the Subway foot-long cookie. The boys discuss line etiquette, cellphones in dreams, Cheez-Its vs. Pringles, Crispers skimpflation, Harley's mismatched arm, and cover the wild drama over a $250 canceled restaurant reservation fee. They also touch base with Donnie on location in North Dakota. New epi…

1
#72 Wendy's SURGE Pricing, Breakfast for Dinner, and Entitled Influencers 1:18:31

10M ago1:18:31

1:18:31

This week, Harley and Big Lynch cover Wendy’s big plans to introduce “surge pricing” to the menu. The guys discuss Kellogg’s CEO pushing breakfast for dinner, streaming vs real jobs, lab grown protein rice, key lime pie ratios, saving turtles, and so much more. New episodes of the Strong and Wrong Podcast are available every Monday! You can follow …

1
#71 KFC’s Chizza Launch, Pizza Hut’s Comeback, and Pitching Ideas to Doritos 1:06:25

10M ago1:06:25

1:06:25

This week, Harley and Big Lynch call Doritos to pitch new product ideas. They dive into the new KFC Chizza, deep-fried steaks, Pizza Hut nostalgia, salad towers in China, goon caves, ridiculous hypotheticals, and so much more. Also, Harley calls his good friend, Steve Zaragoza, to talk about our newly discovered content vertical: Disney plus-size p…

1
#70 Cheeseburger Served with a Waiver, $3,000 Louis Vuitton Sandwich Bag, and Achieving Peak Systolic Velocity 1:09:27

10M ago1:09:27

1:09:27

This week, Harley and Big Lynch discuss the new longevity life hack that can help you achieve a 4/4 on the EHS scale with peak systolic velocity. They get into the absurdity of the new Louis Vuitton lunch bag, the need to order your burger with a waiver in Canada, why food tastes better in Europe, the latest Kraft cheese drop, the pricing of McCain…

1
#69 Taco Bell's 'Cultural Rebels,' Eating Good in Prison, and the Liquified Garlic Lie 59:00

11M ago59:00

59:00

This week, Harley, Lynch, and Donnie get into why going to Taco Bell makes you a 'cultural rebel,' Big Johnson T-shirts, reviewing '90s iconic brands, a Nigerian scammer eating well in prison, customizing Oreos, wrong French movie posters, and so much more. Harley also quotes one of the greatest to do it. New episodes of the Strong and Wrong Podcas…

1
#68 Killer Lemonade, American Sandwiches Invade Canada, and Quotes to Get Your Money Up 1:01:40

11M ago1:01:40

1:01:40

This week, Harley, Big Lynch, and Donnie cover the Panera Bread Charged Up Lemonade lawsuits, American sandwich chains expanding into Canada, soup trust, Harley's caffeine addiction, and so much more. The boys also try and get their money up with another inspirational quote battle. New episodes of the Strong and Wrong Podcast are available every Mo…

1
#67 Taco Bell Tunnels, Double Big Mac Conspiracy, and an Inspirational Quote Battle 1:13:50

11M ago1:13:50

1:13:50

Harley, Lynch and Donnie Quotes are back together this week to go deep on the new Double Big Mac, Taco Bell tunnels, forever chemicals, microplastics in our water bottles, the advantages to being strong and wrong and so much more. New Strong and Wrong Podcast episodes available every Monday! You can follow and listen to Binge Eater on your preferre…

1
#66 Infinite Handsprings w/Woody from the PKA Podcast 1:46:41

11M ago1:46:41

1:46:41

This week, Harley and Lynch welcome the most elusive host from the PKA podcast, Woody! We get into a variety of topics, including Woody's favorite fast food, PKA origins, activities in Thailand, ranking the PKA hosts, hopping on the juice, the scariest extreme sports, and much more. Catch new BInge Eater episodes every Monday! Check out the PKA pod…

1
#65 Hot Dog Threats, Death by Deep Fryer. and Defending the Rock's Lies 1:19:39

12M ago1:19:39

1:19:39

This week, Harley, Donnie, and Lynch are back to discuss only the most important food topics of 2024. The boys get to the bottom of why the Rock is pretending at In N Out, crazy people at McDonalds, saving lunch money for a dime bag, how being a gamer leads to never running out of gas and so much more. New Binge Eater episodes every Monday! You can…

1
#64 Bathroom Technique, the Demise of Influencer Boxing, and the Future of Content w/ Mike Mildon 1:29:01

12M ago1:29:01

1:29:01

This week, Harley, Lynch and Donnie are joined by our good friend, Mike Mildon. Mike is a long time collaborator with Epic Meal Time and co-produced our boxing docuseries, Knuckle Sandwich. The guys dive into a bunch of topics including influencer boxing, 2013 tumbler food questions, bathroom technique, splitting the bill, the future of YouTube con…

1
#63 The Worst Cake in History, Fake Allergies, and the Return of Donnie 1:22:00

12M ago1:22:00

1:22:00

This week, Harley and Lynch are reunited with Donnie Duckets, who has finally resurfaced for the first episode of 2024! The boys get into a bunch of topics including, good cafeteria food, why airplane coffee is the worst, winter coat recommendations, menu anxiety, New Year's resolutions strategies, taking edibles at the Asian mall, and so much more…

1
#62 w/Eli Doubletap from the Unsubscribe Podcast 1:18:33

1y ago1:18:33

1:18:33

This week, Harley and Lynch are joined by Eli Doubletap to discuss his favourite fast food, RPG safety, crypto’s comeback, the weirdest end of the year video game roundup, viral grocery hauls and so much more. New Binge Eater Podcast every Monday. Available for free everywhere. Merry Christmas! Check out the Unsubscribe Podcast: YT https://www.yout…

Podcasturi care merită ascultate

Harley Morenstein Podcast-uri

Podcasturi care merită ascultate

Ghid rapid de referință