Articles from the medical literature are digested, abstracted, and discussed by our AI hosts, with topics in symptom management, diagnosis, ethics and others.
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Cancer headlines with William Nelson, director of the Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, February 2025
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8:04De către Johns Hopkins Medicine
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014 - Symptom Management: Botulinum Toxin for Post Thoracotomy Pain Syndrome
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19:06Questions? Comments? Send us a message! This case report explores the use of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injections for treating post-thoracotomy pain syndrome (PTPS), a chronic neuropathic condition affecting many patients after thoracotomy. The study highlights that traditional treatments often fail to provide adequate relief, prompting invest…
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Physical activity is beneficial for people with Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:03If you’ve just learned that you have Parkinson’s disease and you’re not already a physically active person, you might want to take up a few forms of exercise to slow down disease progression. Johns Hopkins neurologist Liana Rosenthal says the … Physical activity is beneficial for people with Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey reports Read More »…
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Diet can help in those who already have Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:04Once someone receives a diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, there are things they can do themselves that are likely to be beneficial. Johns Hopkins neurologist Liana Rosenthal explains. Rosenthal: The other things you can do that help now if you already … Diet can help in those who already have Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey reports Read More …
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You can lower your risk for developing Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:02The majority of cases of Parkinson’s disease aren’t related to genetics, research shows, while some environmental exposures increase your risk to develop the condition. Liana Rosenthal, a neurologist at Johns Hopkins, names a few factors that are under your control … You can lower your risk for developing Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey repor…
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Environmental exposures are linked to Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:01Specific pesticides as well as other chemicals increase one’s risk for developing Parkinson’s disease, research shows. Liana Rosenthal, a neurologist at Johns Hopkins, describes which ones are known to be problematic. Rosenthal: Paraquat increased the risk of PD by 150%. … Environmental exposures are linked to Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey …
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Where in the world are Parkinson’s disease cases most common? Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:04More and more people around the world are being affected by Parkinson’s disease, a common condition often showing up first as a movement disorder. Liana Rosenthal, a Johns Hopkins neurologist, says North Americans are especially hard hit. Rosenthal: The overall … Where in the world are Parkinson’s disease cases most common? Elizabeth Tracey reports…
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How big a role does genetics play in the development of Parkinson’s disease? Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:02The aberrant protein alpha synuclein is known to be involved in the development of Parkinson’s disease, but how and why this abnormal form develops remains an area of active investigation. Liana Rosenthal, a neurologist at Johns Hopkins, examines the role … How big a role does genetics play in the development of Parkinson’s disease? Elizabeth Trace…
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How do abnormal proteins get into the brain in Parkinson’s disease? Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:03Abundant evidence points to a protein called alpha synuclein in causing the range of symptoms seen in Parkinson’s disease, with the condition progressing as it travels up to the brain. Johns Hopkins neurologist Liana Rosenthal describes the process. Rosenthal: Alpha … How do abnormal proteins get into the brain in Parkinson’s disease? Elizabeth Tra…
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What exactly is happening in the brain of someone with Parkinson’s disease? Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:04By the time someone with Parkinson’s disease, or PD, has hand tremors, the process of developing the condition is well underway in parts of their brain, with deposition of an abnormal protein called alpha synuclein, Johns Hopkins neurologist Liana Rosenthal … What exactly is happening in the brain of someone with Parkinson’s disease? Elizabeth Trac…
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More and more people worldwide are developing Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey reports
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1:01Just a few decades ago data from the Global Burden of Disease study reported about half a million people with Parkinson’s disease, with its characteristic tremor at rest and other movement abnormalities. Johns Hopkins neurologist Liana Rosenthal says now more … More and more people worldwide are developing Parkinson’s disease, Elizabeth Tracey repo…
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013 - Symptom Management: Dronabinol for Neuropathic Pain
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18:22Questions? Comments? Send us a message! I. Introduction This briefing document synthesizes key findings from several sources exploring the potential of cannabinoids in managing neuropathic pain. The sources include pre-clinical investigations, clinical trial reviews, and decision analysis models, offering a multifaceted view of the topic. We will e…
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012 - Symptom Management: Gabapentin for Intractable Hiccups
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15:32Questions? Comments? Send us a message! Hiccups, while often seen as a minor inconvenience, can become a significant health issue when they are persistent or intractable. This episode explores the science behind hiccups, their potential medical causes, and treatment options, particularly the use of gabapentin as an off-label solution. • Discussion …
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011 - Diagnostics: Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Edema (RS3PE) - An easily missed diagnosis in palliative medicine
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10:15Questions? Comments? Send us a message! This case report details a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia whose initially misdiagnosed joint pain was ultimately attributed to the rare syndrome of remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE). The report discusses RS3PE's characteristics, often overlooked due to its rari…
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010 - Data: Palliative Medicine Consultation and Hospital Readmissions
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12:03Questions? Comments? Send us a message! This retrospective study from a 21-hospital system analyzed the effect of palliative medicine consultations on 30-day hospital readmission rates for patients with six diagnoses (heart failure, sepsis, pneumonia, COPD, AMI, and stroke). The research found statistically significant reductions in readmissions fo…
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009 - Ethics: Life Support after Brain Death
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21:02Questions? Comments? Send us a message! This article presents an ethics case study concerning a 52-year-old male declared brain dead, whose family refuses to remove life support. Multiple perspectives—medical, nursing, chaplain, social work, legal, and ethical—are offered, exploring the conflict between the family's emotional denial of death and th…
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008 - Diagnostics: Post-radiation Lichen Planus
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14:44Questions? Comments? Send us a message! This case report details a rare instance of post-radiation lichen planus in a 64-year-old male, following radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma. The report examines the patient's medical history, clinical presentation, and treatment response to topical triamcinolone. The authors review existing litera…
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007 - Diagnostics: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Don't Miss This Diagnosis!
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13:49Questions? Comments? Send us a message! This case report and accompanying discussion detail Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES), a neurological condition presenting with seizures, visual disturbances, and altered mental status. Often misdiagnosed as more severe conditions like intracranial hemorrhage, PRES demonstrates reversible br…
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006 - Symptom Management: BJR Method for Methadone Conversion
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16:05Questions? Comments? Send us a message! The BJR method is a novel mathematical approach to methadone conversion that aims to improve upon existing methods by providing a smoother, less discontinuous, and less linear output for a reasonable and safe methadone dose. Here's how it improves upon existing conversion approaches: Addresses Limitations of …
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005 - Cultural: The Therapeutic Baptism : A Case of Missed Cultural Cues in a Terminally Ill Patient
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27:27Questions? Comments? Send us a message! The case study underscores the potential for misinterpreting spiritual distress as psychiatric illness, resulting in inappropriate treatment. Clinicians should learn several key lessons from the case of Mr. G, primarily emphasizing the importance of addressing patients' spiritual needs alongside their physica…
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004 - Ethics: Suicide and Self Determination - what are the limits to autonomy when a patient lacks capacity?
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26:27Questions? Comments? Send us a message! This ethics roundtable discussion centers on the case of JG, a 45-year-old man who attempted suicide and subsequently suffered severe brain damage. The article presents differing perspectives from medical, nursing, risk management, ethics, pastoral, social work, and legal professionals regarding the ethical i…
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003 - Ethics: State-Erected Barriers to End-of-Life Care
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11:05Questions? Comments? Send us a message! This ethics roundtable discussion analyzes a case study where a patient's daughter-in-law, the primary caregiver, seeks to withdraw life support, but state law restricts surrogacy to blood relatives or spouses. The discussion explores the ethical and legal implications of this restrictive law, highlighting th…
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002 - Ethics: Surrogacy, Religious Beliefs, and Medical Treatment
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23:28Questions? Comments? Send us a message! Ethical and legal considerations surrounding a comatose Jehovah's Witness patient's need for a life-saving blood transfusion are debated. The patient's parents, also Jehovah's Witnesses, refuse consent, while her brother advocates for the transfusion, claiming she wasn't a practicing member. The case highligh…
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001 - Ethics: Surrogate Decision Making at End of Life
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20:40Questions? Comments? Send us a message! Who makes the decision if the patient lacks capacity? Multiple healthcare professionals offer varying perspectives on the ethical and legal dilemma surrounding the care of a 93-year-old comatose patient (JH). A conflict exists between JH's legally appointed Power of Attorney (POA), his hired caregiver, who wa…
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